Indian Ocean SAQ (OER)
Indian Ocean SAQ
In pursuance of the orders of God, I received orders from Shah Rukh* to depart for India. His majesty provided me with provisions and post horses and I began my journey from southern Khurasan, arriving at the port of Bandar Abbas in southern Iran before departing by ship to the port city of Hormuz. Hormuz is a port situated in the middle of the Persian Gulf and does not have an equal on the surface of the globe. Merchants from Egypt, Syria, Anatolia, Iraq, Iran, Central Asia, China, India, and Southeast Asia bring rare and precious articles by sea. Bargains are made either by money or by exchange. Persons of all religions are found in this city, and no injustice is permitted toward any person whatsoever. I stayed here for two months until the favorable time came for departing by sea. We then sailed from Hormuz to Calicut along the southwestern coast of India. Like Hormuz, Calicut brings together merchants from every city and from every country, and precious articles are brought there from maritime countries, especially from East Africa. From time to time, ships arrive there from Mecca and other parts of Arabia. The town is inhabited mostly by Hindus, but it contains a considerable number of Muslims who are permanent residents and have built two mosques in which one they meet every Friday to pray. *the Muslim ruler of the Timurid Empire who governed parts of Iran and Central Asia from 1405–1447.
The following excerpt is from a historical chronicle written circa 1442 CE by Shah Rukh’s Muslim ambassador Abd-al-Razzāq Samarqandī.
Question 1
Identify ONE innovation that facilitated trade in the Indian Ocean network in the period from c. 1200 to 1450 CE.
Question 2
Explain ONE political factor that influenced trade in the Indian Ocean network in the period from c. 1200 to 1450 CE.
Question 3
Explain ONE cultural factor that influenced trade in the Indian Ocean network in the period c. 1200 to 1450 CE.
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