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King Leopold and Central Africa

King Leopold II of Belgium was the monarch who oversaw the colonization and exploitation of the Congo Free State in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, a brutal regime that has been characterized as one of the worst examples of European imperialism in Africa.

The terms of the treaties Stanley has made with native chiefs do not satisfy me. There must at least be an added article to the effect that they delegate to us their sovereign rights, the treaties must be as brief as possible and in a couple of articles must grant us everything.

An 1882 letter by King Leopold II of Belgium describing his thoughts on relations with central African chieftains.

Question 1

Short answer

Identify one change in Europe in the mid-19th century that influenced King Leopold II's opinions regarding Central Africa.

Question 2

Short answer

Explain one way that the actions taken as a response to Leopold II's letter influenced the outcome of the Berlin Conference of 1884-85.

Question 3

Short answer

Explain one way that the Scramble for Africa affected the relationship among European nations from 1880 to 1914.

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