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AP Success - AP World History: Enlightenment Economic Thoughts

"Every man, as long as he does not violate the laws of justice, is left perfectly free to pursue his own interest his own way, and to bring both his industry and capital into competition with those of any other man, or order of men... The property which every man has in his own labour ... is the most sacred and inviolable. The patrimony of a poor man lies in the strength and dexterity of his hands; and to hinder him from employing this strength and dexterity in what manner he thinks proper without injury to his neighbour, is a plain violation of this most sacred property."

Adam Smith, An Inquiry Into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations, 1776

Question 1

Multiple choice

Which economic system is Adam Smith advocating for in the provided text from 'The Wealth of Nations'?

  • Feudalism

  • Capitalism

  • Mercantilism

  • Socialism

Question 2

Multiple choice

The idea that 'every man has in his own labour ... is the most sacred and inviolable' is a principle most closely associated with which of the following?

  • Absolutism

  • Classical liberalism

  • Divine right monarchy

  • Utilitarianism

Question 3

Multiple choice

Adam Smith's emphasis on the freedom to compete in the market without government intervention is a critique of which of the following economic practices?

  • Guild systems

  • Free trade agreements

  • Laissez-faire policies

  • Government monopolies and restrictions

Question 4

Multiple choice

The concept of 'the patrimony of a poor man lies in the strength and dexterity of his hands' reflects which of the following economic theories?

  • Comparative advantage

  • Theory of moral sentiments

  • Labor theory of value

  • Supply and demand

Question 5

Multiple choice

In the context of the 18th century, Adam Smith's ideas as presented in the source would most likely have been seen as a challenge to the economic policies of which of the following?

  • Industrialized nations

  • Mercantilist states

  • Agrarian societies

  • Communist communities

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