Immune System B

The defense of the human body to the entry and establishment of a pathogen can be divided into non specific responses and specific responses.

Question 1

Short answer

Explain how your non specific response is able to help fight pathogens.

Biology

Format

Short answer

Short answer rubric

Immune System B

· Correct answers must mention two lines of defense in nonspecific responses.
· Correct answers must describe the first line of defense as composed of the skin and mucous membrane.
· Correct answers must explain the role of skin as an acidic environment for pathogens and mucous as a trapping mechanism.
· Correct answers must describe the second line of defense as activated when the first line is breached.
· Correct answers must mention leukocytes like phagocytes and neutrophils as components of the second line of defense.
· Correct answers must explain the function of leukocytes in engulfing and getting rid of pathogens.
· Correct answers must mention inflammation and low fever as two responses in the second line of defense.
· Correct answers must describe inflammation as causing swelling, redness and pain.
· Correct answers must explain the effects of low fever in causing pathogens to die due to the retaining of iron in blood, maturation of white blood cells and increase in interferons.

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