1630 SAQ Scientific Discovery

“For if Tycho Brahe,* considering the immensity of those globes [the planets], believed that they did not exist pointlessly in the world [the universe], but were packed with inhabitants, how much more convincing will it be for us, perceiving the variety of the works and intentions of God on this globe of Earth, to adopt a similar conjecture about the others as well? For He has created species to inhabit the waters, though there is no place under them for air, which living things draw in; He has sent into the immensity of the air birds, propped up by feathers; He has given to the snowy tracts of the north white bears and white foxes...Has He then used up all His skill on the globe of the Earth? For whose benefit do four moons gird Jupiter,** as this single Moon of ours does our home? If fact we shall also reason in the same way about the globe of the Sun  - is that globe empty but the others full, if everything else corresponds more closely? If just as the Earth breathes out clouds, the Sun breathes out black soot [sun spots]?***”

* Danish astronomer (1546-1601) who is considered the pioneer of scientific astronomical observation.

** The four largest moons of Jupiter were discovered in 1610 by Galileo Galilei.

*** Sunspots were first observed telescopically in 1610-1611 by several European astronomers.
  
  Johannes Kepler, a German mathematician, astronomer, and astrologist,  Harmony of the World, treatise, 1619

Explain one way in which the passage reflectstraditional views of the cosmos.

Explain one way in which the passage challenges traditional views of the cosmos.

Explain how one scientific discovery made during the Scientific Revolution (other than the discoveries explicitly mentioned in the passage) challenged traditional views of nature.