AP Success - AP European History: Analyzing the Gotha Program, 1875
The Gotha Program, 1875"The Socialist Labor party of Germany demands as a step to the solution of the social question the erection, with the help of the state, of socialistic productive establishments under the democratic control of the laboring people. These productive establishments are to place industry and agriculture in such relations that out of them the socialist organization of the whole may arise.The Socialist Labor party of Germany demands as the foundation of the state:5Universal, equal and direct suffrage, with secret, obligatory voting by all citizens at all elections in state or community.Direct legislation by the people. Decision as to peace or war by the people.Common right to bear arms. Militia instead of the standing army.Abolition of all laws of exception, especially all laws restricting the freedom of the press, of association and assemblage; above all, all laws restricting the freedom of public opinion, thought and investigation.Legal judgment through the people. Free administration of law.10Universal and equal popular education by the state. Universal compulsory education. Free instruction in all forms of art. Declaration that religion is a private matter."
Question 1
Which of the following best describes the primary aim of the Socialist Labor party of Germany as expressed in the Gotha Program?
To dismantle the existing state structure and replace it with an anarchist commune.
To restore the monarchy and strengthen the aristocracy's influence in German politics.
To establish socialistic productive establishments with state support and democratic control by workers.
To promote the interests of the bourgeoisie by integrating them into the state apparatus.
Question 2
The demand for 'Universal, equal and direct suffrage' in the Gotha Program reflects which broader 19th-century European political trend?
The consolidation of absolute monarchies.
The resistance against the spread of nationalism.
The decline of liberalism and the rise of conservative thought.
The movement towards democratic reforms and the expansion of the franchise.
Question 3
The Gotha Program's call for 'Direct legislation by the people' and 'Decision as to peace or war by the people' is an example of what political concept?
Popular sovereignty.
Feudalism.
Mercantilism.
Divine right of kings.
Question 4
The inclusion of 'Universal and equal popular education by the state' in the Gotha Program aligns with which of the following ideologies?
Conservatism.
Socialism.
Classical liberalism.
Laissez-faire capitalism.
Question 5
The Gotha Program's stance on 'Abolition of all laws of exception, especially all laws restricting the freedom of the press, of association and assemblage' suggests a reaction against which of the following?
The economic policies of the Zollverein.
The liberal policies of the Weimar Republic.
The foreign policies of Otto von Bismarck.
The repressive policies of the German states, particularly after the revolutions of 1848.
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