Enlightened Rulers
This excerpt is taken from the "Political Testament" of Frederick William, the Elector of Brandenburg, written in 1667. At that time, Brandenburg-Prussia was a significant power in Central Europe, and Frederick William was one of the leading figures of the Thirty Years' War, which had ended just a few years earlier.
Now, the first proper virtue of a righteous ruler is that he properly and sincerely fear, love, and keep God in mind, God who created him and made him lord and ruler of so many lands and people. Let His word, which alone leads to salvation, be the only true guideline of your entire reign and life, because therein lies the proper God-pleasing art of ruling and high politics. At the same time, diligently call to God daily — morning, noon, and night — with an ardent prayer, first for wisdom and understanding, also for gracious support with the heavy burden of reigning in His almighty name's honor and for the best of the entrusted land and people, and act so that you may answer to God, temporally in this world and eternally in the next. At the same time, remember also the many great kindnesses that God has shown to you before others, that out of sheer grace He has made you a prince over so many lands and people, and therefore you have great cause to thank Him daily with diligent prayer, and to be diligent in using your entire life and reign to serve Him. Contemplate, too, often and always, that you do not offend in the very least, or do anything for which you will have to account before the Almighty, not even the least little thing.
Frederick William, Political Testament, 1667
Question 1
Describe one way the excerpt reflects Enlightenment thought.
Question 2
Describe Frederick William's likely purpose in writing this excerpt.
Question 3
Explain one way Enlightenment thought influenced Joseph II of Austria.
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