AP Success - AP European History: Birth Control's Early 20th C. Impact

"The mother no longer considers herself a slave. She is glad that she is standing upon her own feet. She feels herself mistress of her own life, and no longer the inert, helpless, hopeless victim of circumstances which inevitably go from bad to worse. The difference is as striking as that between freeman and slave. The mothers who are liberated—and liberated through the exercise of their own intelligence and foresight—from the relentless pressure of involuntary motherhood—almost automatically become more interested in life, in the future, in the upbringing of their children, in the affairs of the community at large. In a word, they have become more civilized. And this has been made possible not through the much-vaunted agencies of popular education, but because she has been given simple, sanitary instruction which assures her mastery of her own body and procreative functions. I could present the testimony of many parents—and particularly mothers—who have thus been enabled to regain mastery over the conditions of their lives and are consequently fulfilling their maternal function in far happier and more efficient fashion."
Margaret Sanger, "The Civilizing Force of Birth Control," 1929

Question 1

Multiple choice
According to Margaret Sanger in 1929, what was one of the primary benefits for women who gained access to birth control?
  • They were granted the right to vote.

  • They felt more in control of their lives and less like victims of their circumstances.

  • They received better formal education.

  • They were able to secure higher-paying jobs.

Question 2

Multiple choice
Margaret Sanger's views on birth control as expressed in the passage are most closely associated with which of the following movements?
  • The temperance movement seeking to prohibit alcohol consumption.

  • The civil rights movement aiming to end racial discrimination.

  • The feminist movement advocating for women's reproductive rights.

  • The labor movement fighting for workers' rights.

Question 3

Multiple choice
The 'simple, sanitary instruction' mentioned by Margaret Sanger in the source is most likely referring to
  • Nutritional guidance provided by government programs.

  • Education on contraception and reproductive health.

  • General hygiene practices promoted by public health campaigns.

  • Physical education as part of compulsory schooling.

Question 4

Multiple choice
The perspective presented by Margaret Sanger in the source would have likely been opposed by which of the following groups in the early 20th century?
  • Progressive reformers who supported women's rights.

  • Advocates for population control and eugenics.

  • Conservative religious organizations that viewed birth control as immoral.

  • Medical professionals interested in reducing maternal mortality.

Question 5

Multiple choice
Margaret Sanger's argument that birth control leads to women becoming 'more civilized' suggests that she believed
  • Civilization could only advance through strict population control measures.

  • Women were inherently less civilized than men without birth control.

  • Education alone was sufficient for the advancement of women's status in society.

  • Control over reproduction was essential to women's social and intellectual development.

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