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Failure of Reconstruction

“Segregation, violence, Supreme Court decisions, and local political tactics progressively stripped away African American rights, but the 14th and 15th amendments eventually became the basis for court decisions upholding civil rights in the 20th century.”

13th Amendment

Section 1. Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction.

Section 2. Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.

13th Amendment to the Constitution, 1865.

Question 1

Short answer

How did black codes attempt to weaken the impact of the 13th amendment?

Question 2

Short answer

What kind of behaviors did the Vagrancy law deem as unlawful?

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