AP Success - AP US History: Finney on Salvation and the Second Great Awakening

In 1836, the revivalist Charles G. Finney emphasized the role of human choice in salvation, asserting that individuals have the power to choose between dedicating themselves to God or yielding to the temptations of Satan.
Thus the world is divided into two great political parties; the difference between them is, that one party choose Satan as the god of this world, yield obedience to his laws, and are devoted to his interest. Selfishness is the law of Satan’s empire, and all impenitent sinners yield it a willing obedience. The other party choose Jehovah for their governor, and consecrate themselves, with all their interests, to his service and glory. Nor does this change imply a constitutional alteration of the powers of body or mind, any more than a change of mind in regard to the form or administration of a human government….
Because you have all the powers of moral agency; and the thing required is, not to alter these powers, but to employ them in the service of your Maker. God has created these powers, and you can and do use them. He gives you power to obey or disobey; and your sin is that while he sustains these powers, you prostitute them to the service of sin and Satan….
Sinners make their own wicked hearts. Their preference of sin is their own voluntary act. They make self-gratification the rule to which they conform all their conduct. When they come into being, the first principle that we discover in their conduct, is their determination to gratify themselves. It soon comes to pass that any effort to thwart them in the gratification of their appetites, is met by them with stout resistance, they seem to set their hearts fully to pursue their own happiness, and gratify themselves, come what will; and thus they will successively make war on their nurse, their parents, and their God, when ever they find that their requirements prohibit the pursuit of this end… 
Revivalist Charles G. Finney Emphasizes Human Choice in Salvation, 1836.

Question 1

Short answer
Briefly identify one opinion about the relationship between politics and religion expressed in the excerpt.

Question 2

Short answer
Briefly explain how one political or economic trend caused the Second Great Awakening.

Question 3

Short answer
Briefly explain one way the ideas expressed in the excerpt impacted American civic life.

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